Subscribe to our Mailing Lists (It's free!)
Tuesday, July 15, 2025
SAFETY4SEA
  • Home
  • Safety
    • All
    • Accidents
    • Alerts
    • Loss Prevention
    • Maritime Health
    • Regulation
    • Safety
    • Seafarers
    • Security
    2024 IMO Bravery Awards honor tanker and tugboat crews for heroic acts

    Officer to receive IMO bravery award for saving 12 crew members

    Panama

    BMA: Sanctions imposed against Russia

    Work,Safety,Concept.,Wooden,Cube,Blocks,With,Icon,Of,Safety

    DNV: Key IMO safety developments

    seafarers

    Philippines DMW issues call to protect seafarers from warlike areas

  • SEAFiT
    • All
    • Intellectual
    • Mental
    • Physical
    • Social
    • Spiritual
    friendship

    Exploring the human need for friendship: A lifeline at sea and on shore

    neck pain

    Neck pain: A growing health concern for maritime workers

    Book Review: Building leaders the MMMA way

    Book Review: Feel grounded and think positive in 10 simple steps

    time

    Stay SEAFiT: Time is non-renewable – invest it wisely

  • Green
    • All
    • Arctic
    • Ballast
    • Emissions
    • Fuels
    • Green Shipping
    • Pollution
    • Ship Recycling
    • Technology
    ammonia bunkering vessel

    Company orders ammonia bunkering vessel for use in Singapore

    WSC

    WSC proposes alignment of EU ETS with IMO Net Zero Framework

    IMO Council World Maritime Day

    IMO: World Maritime Day two-year theme to take policy to practice

    BIMCO FuelEU Maritime Regulation

    EU issues low-carbon hydrogen fuel standards

  • Smart
    • All
    • Connectivity
    • Cyber Security
    • E-navigation
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Maritime Software
    • Smart
    vr training

    Companies team up for virtual reality training to better prepare crew

    digital tools onboard

    Company signs for AI autonomous navigation system for PCTC fleet

    Trafigura, ZeroNorth join forces to advance decarbonization solutions

    Trafigura, ZeroNorth join forces to advance decarbonization solutions

    floating data centres

    New partnership to develop floating data center on retrofitted vessel

  • Risk
    • All
    • CIC
    • Detentions
    • Fines
    • PSC Focus
    • Vetting
    AMSA fine

    NorthStandard: Tips to avoid pollution fines in Turkey

    OCIMF

    OCIMF Annual Report 2025: SIRE 2.0 a welcome change for the industry

    USCG

    ABS PSC Report Q1 2025: 526 total vessels detained

    paris mou lists

    Paris MoU 2024 Performance lists

  • Others
    • All
    • Diversity in shipping
    • Maritime Knowledge
    • Offshore
    • Ports
    • Shipping
    • Sustainability
    • Videos
    China

    China lays out vision for smarter and greener shipping

    Sanctions Russia

    EU plans to impose new Russian oil price cap

    EU US

    US plans to hit EU and Mexico with 30% tariff starting August

    Dr. Rosalie Balkin

    Dr. Rosalie Balkin to receive IMO International Maritime Prize

  • Columns
    Career Paths: Syb ten Cate Hoedemaker, Maritime Battery Forum

    Career Paths: Syb ten Cate Hoedemaker, Maritime Battery Forum

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    NorthStandard: Data sharing to drive technology and improve crew wellbeing

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    Trending Tags

    • Anchor Your Health
    • Book Review
    • Career Paths
    • Human Performance
    • Industry Voices
    • Interviews
    • Maripedia
    • Maritime History
    • Regulatory Update
    • Resilience
    • Seafarers Stories
    • SeaSense
    • Training & Development
    • Wellness Corner
    • Wellness Tips
  • Events
  • Plus
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Safety
    • All
    • Accidents
    • Alerts
    • Loss Prevention
    • Maritime Health
    • Regulation
    • Safety
    • Seafarers
    • Security
    2024 IMO Bravery Awards honor tanker and tugboat crews for heroic acts

    Officer to receive IMO bravery award for saving 12 crew members

    Panama

    BMA: Sanctions imposed against Russia

    Work,Safety,Concept.,Wooden,Cube,Blocks,With,Icon,Of,Safety

    DNV: Key IMO safety developments

    seafarers

    Philippines DMW issues call to protect seafarers from warlike areas

  • SEAFiT
    • All
    • Intellectual
    • Mental
    • Physical
    • Social
    • Spiritual
    friendship

    Exploring the human need for friendship: A lifeline at sea and on shore

    neck pain

    Neck pain: A growing health concern for maritime workers

    Book Review: Building leaders the MMMA way

    Book Review: Feel grounded and think positive in 10 simple steps

    time

    Stay SEAFiT: Time is non-renewable – invest it wisely

  • Green
    • All
    • Arctic
    • Ballast
    • Emissions
    • Fuels
    • Green Shipping
    • Pollution
    • Ship Recycling
    • Technology
    ammonia bunkering vessel

    Company orders ammonia bunkering vessel for use in Singapore

    WSC

    WSC proposes alignment of EU ETS with IMO Net Zero Framework

    IMO Council World Maritime Day

    IMO: World Maritime Day two-year theme to take policy to practice

    BIMCO FuelEU Maritime Regulation

    EU issues low-carbon hydrogen fuel standards

  • Smart
    • All
    • Connectivity
    • Cyber Security
    • E-navigation
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Maritime Software
    • Smart
    vr training

    Companies team up for virtual reality training to better prepare crew

    digital tools onboard

    Company signs for AI autonomous navigation system for PCTC fleet

    Trafigura, ZeroNorth join forces to advance decarbonization solutions

    Trafigura, ZeroNorth join forces to advance decarbonization solutions

    floating data centres

    New partnership to develop floating data center on retrofitted vessel

  • Risk
    • All
    • CIC
    • Detentions
    • Fines
    • PSC Focus
    • Vetting
    AMSA fine

    NorthStandard: Tips to avoid pollution fines in Turkey

    OCIMF

    OCIMF Annual Report 2025: SIRE 2.0 a welcome change for the industry

    USCG

    ABS PSC Report Q1 2025: 526 total vessels detained

    paris mou lists

    Paris MoU 2024 Performance lists

  • Others
    • All
    • Diversity in shipping
    • Maritime Knowledge
    • Offshore
    • Ports
    • Shipping
    • Sustainability
    • Videos
    China

    China lays out vision for smarter and greener shipping

    Sanctions Russia

    EU plans to impose new Russian oil price cap

    EU US

    US plans to hit EU and Mexico with 30% tariff starting August

    Dr. Rosalie Balkin

    Dr. Rosalie Balkin to receive IMO International Maritime Prize

  • Columns
    Career Paths: Syb ten Cate Hoedemaker, Maritime Battery Forum

    Career Paths: Syb ten Cate Hoedemaker, Maritime Battery Forum

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    NorthStandard: Data sharing to drive technology and improve crew wellbeing

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    GSR Services: The Hong Kong Convention sets the rules for total ship lifecycle responsibility

    Trending Tags

    • Anchor Your Health
    • Book Review
    • Career Paths
    • Human Performance
    • Industry Voices
    • Interviews
    • Maripedia
    • Maritime History
    • Regulatory Update
    • Resilience
    • Seafarers Stories
    • SeaSense
    • Training & Development
    • Wellness Corner
    • Wellness Tips
  • Events
  • Plus
No Result
View All Result
SAFETY4SEA

New report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectiveness

by The Editorial Team
September 17, 2019
in Shipping
maritime subsidies

Credit: International Transport Forum

FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedin

The International Transport Forum (ITF) published a report providing an overview of direct and indirect subsidies available to maritime transport in OECD countries. The report analyzes if they provide value for taxpayers’ money and offers suggestions on how policy makers can improve the effectiveness of maritime subsidies.

What the report found

Maritime subsidies are related to support for national flags, seafarer employment, the competitiveness of maritime clusters, promoting high quality standards and maintaining maritime connectivity. They can take the form of budgetary expenditures, tax expenditures and transfers of financial risk to governments.

According to the report, at least EUR 3 billion per year is spent on just three maritime subsidies in OECD countries:

RelatedNews

Singapore tops global maritime center ranking for 12th straight year

UNCTAD: Global trade endures policy changes and uncertainty

  1. Tonnage taxes;
  2. Tax exemptions for fuels for domestic shipping;
  3. Fiscal measures to reduce wage costs of seafarers.

Systemic gaps in the data mean the picture on the monetary value of maritime subsidies is not fully complete. Subsidies granted by EU Member States are subject to control by the European Commission when they fall under the legal definition of State aid.

Tonnage tax is one of the key maritime subsidies. This is believed to be an implicit subsidy, as the shipping-specific tax, based on the tonnage of a ship, replaces regular corporate income tax. The result is a more favourable tax treatment. The average spending on tonnage taxes in OECD countries has been about EUR 1 billion per year since 2000.

[smlsubform prepend=”GET THE SAFETY4SEA IN YOUR INBOX!” showname=false emailtxt=”” emailholder=”Enter your email address” showsubmit=true submittxt=”Submit” jsthanks=false thankyou=”Thank you for subscribing to our mailing list”]

The aim of these maritime subsidies has been expanded in recent decades. Subsidy conditions are now more generous and the range of activities covered has been enlarged. Exemption from taxation of ship fuels is a second important maritime subsidy. It amounted for about EUR 1 billion in 2016 for domestic shipping alone in OECD countries.

The nature of the maritime subsidies currently in place is defensive, instead of strategic, and they have grown in reaction to two developments:

  • Open shipping registries in developing countries (flags of convenience);
  • Subsidies in other developed countries.

As a result, maritime subsidy schemes often contain the notion of tonnage taxes in order to level the playing field for the shipping industry of developed countries in competition with flags of convenience.

The European Commission has established EU Maritime State aid Guidelines to prevent fiscal competition between Member States. These guidelines have clarified which state aid could be introduced by Member States to promote the maritime transport interests of the EU in their competition with non-EU shipping registries, but would need updating.

Impact studies do not find much evidence of the effectiveness of maritime subsidies in achieving their stated aims. Local flags and seafarer employment within the EU have in fact declined. Short sea shipping connections in the EU are still fairly limited. However, maritime subsidies might have increased theliquidity of shipping companies, allowing some of them to renew or expand their fleets

ITF said.

This has caused increased overcapacity, with being mainly ordered in Asian shipyards. The resulting cargo peaks, grown ship sizes and subsequent consolidation of container shipping lines have had mixed impacts on ports and shore-based employment.

What is more, OECD countries are spending increasing amounts of money on keeping national shipping industries. The evidence indicates that there are few benefits for the broader national economy in retaining nationally flagged vessels, however. However, there is room for redesigning subsidies, in order to contribute more efficiently to wider public policy goals.

This could regard the decarbonisation of transport, and reducing congestion and urban pollution. Additionally, more focus would be necessary to achieve broader international agreement on common rules to wind back harmful tax and subsidy competition. It also requires changing the focus to subsidies that are explicitly tied to the achievement of more tangible policy goals and subjected to rigorous verification.

Recommendations

Re-orient and harmonise maritime subsidy policies

Countries with significant maritime subsidies could benefit from a systematic review of their subsidies. Within the EU, an evaluation of the Maritime State aid Guidelines is warranted, to analyze which instruments are best to supporting specific strategic orientations. The 2004 EU Maritime State aid Guidelines target to harmonise State aid to the shipping sector. In spite of this, the evolution of approved maritime State aid, especially tonnage taxes, does not seem to have prevented a “race to the bottom”.

Clarify objectives of maritime subsidies

Maritime subsidies can often have numerous goals. The most effective subsidies target clear and precise goals. Objectives should be created to enable a quantified evaluation of their effectiveness. Certain strategic goals could be done more efficiently with more targeted instruments, instead of generic instruments, like a tonnage tax. The EU Energy Tax Directive states that maritime fuels should be excluded from taxation, albeit Member States may limit the scope of this exemption. This does not align well with EU policy on decarbonising transport and should be reconsidered, the report says.

Make maritime subsidies more conditional on positive impacts

The majority of maritime subsidies are granted with only few conditions attached. An exception is UK’s tonnage tax scheme, which includes a training requirement. Norway’s and Portugal’s tonnage taxes are more beneficial to cleaner ships. If they remain, general maritime subsidies such as tonnage taxes must be clearly connected to the achievement of identified policy goals, as in these UK, Norwegian and Portuguese examples. This could take the form of a stricter link between the subsidies and flying a European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) flag and using seafarers, especially when the ship is operating mainly in European waters.

Design maritime subsidies to prevent market distortions

Some subsidy schemes have evolved in such ways that impact markets. Many tonnage tax schemes also include profits from terminal operations. This benefits vertically integrated shipping firms that compete with independent terminal operators, ship operators and freight forwarders that do not have similar tax benefits. Relevant regulations, like the EU Maritime State aid Guidelines, should be amended to prevent market distortions and facilitate the activities eligible for favourable tax treatment under tonnage tax schemes.

Improve transparency around maritime subsidies

More transparency could increase the effectiveness of maritime subsidies. EU countries are subject to reporting requirements on maritime subsidies, but these seem to be loosely respected by Member States. The report urges that the European Commission must make clear that future maritime State aid will only be granted under the condition of receiving impact reports that will be made public.

An obligation to report on the usage and quantified impact of maritime subsidies could help find ways to make subsidies more effective. Governments should release reliable, harmonised maritime employment data along the lines of data published by the European Maritime Safety Agency. Transparency around maritime subsidies in non-EU countries could be improved along similar lines

You may see more information in the following PDF

New report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectiveness

New report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectivenessNew report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectiveness
New report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectivenessNew report assesses ways to enhance maritime subsidies effectiveness
Tags: ITFreportsshipping industry
Previous Post

Partners launch public and private blockchain project

Next Post

Canada invests in recycling solutions for fibreglass

SUGGESTED FOR YOU

ReCAAP ISC
Security

ReCAAP ISC: Half Yearly Report 2025, Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships in Asia

July 10, 2025
newbuildings xclusiv shipbrokers
Shipping

Xclusiv Shipbrokers: Newbuilding momentum slows sharply in 2025

July 9, 2025
carriers
Shipping

Sea-Intelligence: Global schedule reliability reaches 18-month high

July 9, 2025
IMB piracy
Security

IMB: 50% increase in piracy incidents in first six months of 2025

July 9, 2025
Singapore completes blended methanol bunkering
Fuels

MPA Singapore: Preparing for a multi-fuel future

July 8, 2025
IMO Sulphur Cap Recap: Where we stand and what’s next
Emissions

ICCT: Reduction in sulphur limit is imperative

July 8, 2025

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Explore more

No Result
View All Result
MARITIME EVENTS

Explore

  • Safety
  • SEAFiT
  • Green
  • Smart
  • Risk
  • Others
  • SAFETY4SEA Events
  • SAFETY4SEA Plus Subscription

Useful Links

  • About
  • Disclaimer
  • Editorial Policies
  • Advertising
  • Content Marketing
  • Contact

© 2025 SAFETY4SEA

No Result
View All Result
  • Safety
    • Accidents
    • Alerts
    • Loss Prevention
    • Maritime Health
    • Regulation
    • Safety
    • Seafarers
    • Security
  • SEAFiT
    • Intellectual
    • Mental
    • Physical
    • Social
    • Spiritual
  • Green
    • Arctic
    • Ballast
    • Emissions
    • Fuels
    • Green Shipping
    • Pollution
    • Ship Recycling
    • Technology
  • Smart
    • Connectivity
    • Cyber Security
    • E-navigation
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Maritime Software
    • Smart
  • Risk
    • CIC
    • Detentions
    • Fines
    • PSC Case Studies
    • PSC Focus
    • Vetting
  • Others
    • Diversity in shipping
    • Maritime Knowledge
    • Offshore
    • Ports
    • Shipping
    • Sustainability
    • Videos
  • Columns
    • Anchor Your Health
    • Book Review
    • Career Paths
    • Human Performance
    • Industry Voices
    • Interviews
    • Maripedia
    • Maritime History
    • Opinions
    • Regulatory Update
    • Resilience
    • Seafarers Stories
    • SeaSense
    • Tip of the day
    • Training & Development
    • Wellness Corner
    • Wellness Tips
  • SAFETY4SEA Events
  • SAFETY4SEA Plus Subscription

© 2025 SAFETY4SEA

Manage your privacy
We use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. We do this to improve browsing experience and to show (non-) personalized ads. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions.
Functional Always active
The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.
Preferences
The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.
Statistics
The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.
Marketing
The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.
Manage options Manage services Manage {vendor_count} vendors Read more about these purposes
Manage options
{title} {title} {title}
No Result
View All Result
  • Safety
    • Accidents
    • Alerts
    • Loss Prevention
    • Maritime Health
    • Regulation
    • Safety
    • Seafarers
    • Security
  • SEAFiT
    • Intellectual
    • Mental
    • Physical
    • Social
    • Spiritual
  • Green
    • Arctic
    • Ballast
    • Emissions
    • Fuels
    • Green Shipping
    • Pollution
    • Ship Recycling
    • Technology
  • Smart
    • Connectivity
    • Cyber Security
    • E-navigation
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Maritime Software
    • Smart
  • Risk
    • CIC
    • Detentions
    • Fines
    • PSC Case Studies
    • PSC Focus
    • Vetting
  • Others
    • Diversity in shipping
    • Maritime Knowledge
    • Offshore
    • Ports
    • Shipping
    • Sustainability
    • Videos
  • Columns
    • Anchor Your Health
    • Book Review
    • Career Paths
    • Human Performance
    • Industry Voices
    • Interviews
    • Maripedia
    • Maritime History
    • Opinions
    • Regulatory Update
    • Resilience
    • Seafarers Stories
    • SeaSense
    • Tip of the day
    • Training & Development
    • Wellness Corner
    • Wellness Tips
  • SAFETY4SEA Events
  • SAFETY4SEA Plus Subscription

© 2025 SAFETY4SEA