Neck pain is a significant global health issue, affecting millions and ranking among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Seafarers, in particular, face a high risk of developing neck pain due to heavy lifting, repetitive tasks, awkward postures, and prolonged exposure to physically demanding work environments.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes neck pain as a major contributor to disability, especially among older adults, a concern expected to grow with the global population aging and expanding.
Understanding neck pain
Neck pain can result from muscle strain, poor posture, overuse, or sudden movements. A neck strain specifically involves injury to the muscles or tendons in the neck, often leading to pain, stiffness, or weakness.
While neck pain affects the general population, maritime workers face unique occupational hazards that increase their vulnerability. Common risk factors include walking on slippery decks, working on unstable surfaces, repetitive head movements (such as looking up to monitor equipment), and exposure to vibrations from engines, machinery, or tools. Over time, these conditions can strain the neck muscles and spine, leading to chronic pain or injury.
A growing global burden
In 2020 alone, neck pain affected approximately 203 million people globally, with a prevalence rate of 2,450 per 100,000 people, according to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study reports that neck pain, alongside low back pain, has become one of the costliest musculoskeletal conditions worldwide.
The economic toll is significant. By 2016, healthcare spending for neck and back pain in the U.S. alone reached $134.5 billion, with millions of workdays lost annually due to disability. Severe neck pain can limit mobility, reduce quality of life, lead to early retirement, and diminish workforce productivity.
Legal implications for maritime workers
The risks of neck injuries extend beyond physical health; they can carry legal and financial consequences. As highlighted by maritime law experts at Kherkher Garcia, LLP, seafarers may be entitled to compensation if a neck injury results from unsafe working conditions, negligence, or employer misconduct under maritime law.
Prevention: A shared responsibility
While not all accidents can be prevented, many injuries, including those involving the neck, are avoidable through proper preventive measures. Shipping companies have a duty to create safe working environments by:
- Providing comprehensive safety and job-specific training
- Ensuring equipment and machinery are properly maintained
- Promoting a strong safety culture onboard
- Offering ergonomic assessments for workstations
- Reducing clutter and eliminating slip hazards
- Providing sufficient rest breaks for workers
- nstalling fall protection on elevated surfaces
Tips for seafarers to prevent and manage neck pain
Seafarers themselves can take simple steps to reduce the risk of neck pain and improve comfort at sea:
- Change positions frequently – Avoid staying in one posture for extended periods. Regular movement prevents your neck from stiffening.
- Ergonomic adjustments – For example, use anti-vibration gloves or mats when working with vibrating tools to reduce the impact on the neck and spine.
- Update your eyewear – Outdated prescriptions can cause you to tilt your head unnaturally. Keep your glasses current to maintain proper posture.
- Limit pillow use – Sleeping with too many pillows can reduce your neck’s range of motion. Use one supportive pillow for optimal alignment.
- Know your limits – Avoid lifting heavy objects alone. Always ask for help to prevent strain on your neck and back.
- Prioritize sleep quality – Sleep deprivation increases the risk of musculoskeletal pain. Rest well to help your body recover.
When to seek medical help
According to the Harvard Medical School, self-care is effective for mild neck pain. However, seek immediate medical attention if neck pain is severe or accompanied by fever, numbness, weakness in the arms, loss of bladder or bowel control, or chest pain; these could signal serious underlying conditions like meningitis, nerve compression, or cardiac issues.
Neck pain is not just a personal health issue. Improving workplace safety, promoting preventive practices, and raising awareness about early intervention are vital to protecting both workers’ health and operational efficiency.
