Given the size and complexity of today’s vessels, problems with engines can quickly escalate into major disasters. Considering the alarming increase in incidents related to engine fires and failures in recent years, strict adherence to established procedures and recognized best practices in engine rooms is more critical than ever.
It has been noted that most fires on board ships start in the engine room. A failure in the engine room can significantly affect overall safety. Additionally, new ships using engine propulsion with biofuels and methanol are already in service, and the shipping industry has limited experience with these fuels. The long-term effects of alternative fuels on engines and fuel systems have yet to be fully understood. In this context, best practices, established procedures, and crew training and familiarity are essential for ensuring enhanced safety in the engine room.
Modern merchant ships engaged in global trade and cargo transportation must comply with numerous regulations and guidance related to construction, operations, and the safety of the ship, crew, cargo, and environment. While regulations for the Deck Department and Bridge operations have been established for many years, procedures for the Engine Department are relatively new, as mechanical propulsion on ships has been in use for only about 200-300 years.
The engine room of a ship has a critical difference compared to other ship spaces. It includes all related machinery and systems necessary for movement and electrical power supply, the relevant control room for operation, maintenance areas, such as workshops, other related systems, and storage areas for fuel, oils, and spares, all within the limits of the engine room. It functions like a small industrial factory within the ship’s compartments. Thus, the operation of the engine room demands significant skills and an organized approach, as Engine Department personnel must operate, monitor, and maintain the related systems simultaneously.
The smooth operation of the engine room is paramount for the ship’s overall performance and daily operation. Safety Management Systems (SMS) should include specific actions and procedures to ensure these requirements are met. Industry standards for ship management, such as the Tanker Management and Self Assessment (TMSA) for liquid cargo and the Dry Bulk Management Standard (DryBMS) for dry cargo, have specific sections and KPIs for safe engine room operations, which should be effectively implemented within an SMS. Ship managers and operators should have clear instructions and procedures within their Safety Management Systems or additional guides to cover all aspects of engine room activities and emergencies.
Moreover, as the engine room is a key department onboard ships, effective communication between the bridge and other crew members is essential. For example, in the event of an emergency, it is crucial for operators to ensure that all communications are measured, necessary, and proportionate, and follow comprehensive guidance and procedures. Best practices are also required to maintain high standards of cleanliness at all times, as they are crucial for fire prevention. For instance, no oils or oily rags should be allowed near heat sources such as boilers and the main engine’s exhaust system. All combustible materials should be discarded, along with any outdated equipment that may hinder access in a fire situation.
