Worldwide sourcing and distribution of LNG has grown into a major industry player while seeking to balance the growing global appetite for affordable energy with environmental concerns.
MAN Turbo and Diesel created an infographic regarding LNG shipping which is a booming market, driving growth at every stage of the process chain.
Lower emissions
Natural gas burns far cleaner than other fossil fuels do, producing 30% less carbon dioxide than petroleum and 45% less than coal, as well as significantly lower levels of sulfur and nitrogen oxides.
“Natural gas and air are mixed before entering the combustion chamber and ignited via a small quantity of injected MDO/MGO pilot fuel. The combustion process according to the Otto-cycle ensures the lowest nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions when operating in gas mode, which are lower than projected future emission limits. For the sake of fuel flexibility, the engine can operate alternatively in liquid mode, where fuel oil is injected via conventional main pumps as in the 48/60B HFO engine,” explains Dietmar Zutt, Head of Sales Merchant Marine at MAN Diesel & Turbo.
A booming market
The booming LNG market is driving more than ship production, however. There is significant
growth and investment at every stage of the process chain, ranging from new production facilities and pipelines to new gasburning power plants to utilize the abundance of gas. One important link in this chain is present at the beginning and end of every LNGC journey, specifically in the ports where the vessels are loaded and unloaded.
A liquefaction facility is required to cool and compress the gas before taking it on board. At the destination port, the liquid gas is unloaded before warming up and decompression for future use. While this had traditionally been accomplished in on-shore facilities, another solution has been available since 2005, namely a floating storage re-gasification unit (FSRU). This unit sits a few miles offshore, allowing LNGCs to dock and unload their cargo of LNG. This gas can then be stored directly at the facility before being pumped ashore through a subsea pipeline. Compared with an onshore facility, an FSRU can be set up with minimal impact while its mobility allows for relocation if market demands change.
You may view the full infographic by clicking here.
Source and Image Credit: MAN Diesel & Turbo
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