Health Focus: Raising awareness of Repetitive Strain Injuries

The maritime industry, with its physically demanding work environment, is particularly susceptible to RSIs, making awareness and prevention essential for seafarers’ well-being.

What are Repetitive Strain Injuries?

RSIs are a group of musculoskeletal disorders affecting tendons, muscles, nerves, and joints due to overuse or prolonged strain. These injuries typically develop over time from repeated motions, awkward postures, and excessive force.

In the maritime sector, common tasks like lifting heavy loads, gripping and twisting ropes, operating machinery, or prolonged computer work in administrative roles can all contribute to RSI.

Recognizing the signs

RSI symptoms often begin subtly but can progress into chronic conditions if left untreated. Seafarers should be mindful of:

• Persistent pain or discomfort in affected areas
• Joint stiffness or muscle tightness
• Numbness, tingling, or a “pins and needles” sensation
• Swelling, redness, or reduced mobility

Ignoring these signs can lead to long-term injuries such as tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis, or even herniated discs, which can significantly impact work performance and quality of life.

Causes of RSI

Several work-related factors contribute to RSI, including:

• Repetitive motions: Constantly handling ropes, navigating controls, or typing reports.
• Awkward postures: Working in confined spaces, prolonged standing, or maintaining static positions on the bridge or in the engine room.
• Heavy lifting and forceful exertion: Moving cargo, pulling ropes, or operating tools.
• Vibration exposure: Long hours using vibrating equipment, such as power tools or vessel engines.
• Cold environments: Working in low temperatures can increase muscle tension and reduce blood circulation, leading to RSI.

Key prevention and workplace best practices

While RSIs are a serious risk, they can be prevented with proper workplace ergonomics and proactive measures:

1. Ergonomic workstations and equipment

• Adjust workstations to fit individual needs, whether in an office or onboard.
• Use anti-fatigue mats and supportive seating where possible.
• Ensure proper maintenance of tools and equipment to reduce excessive force.

2. Work rotation and breaks

• Encourage task rotation to prevent continuous strain on specific muscle groups.
• Implement micro-breaks to allow muscles time to recover.

3. Proper lifting techniques and load management

• Use mechanical aids whenever possible to minimize strain.
• Train crew members in correct lifting and carrying techniques.
• Avoid sudden, forceful movements that put stress on muscles and joints.

4. Regular stretching and strengthening exercises

• Introduce stretching routines before and after shifts.
• Strengthening exercises can help build resilience against RSI.

5. Awareness and early intervention

• Conduct RSI awareness training to educate workers on prevention strategies.
• Encourage early reporting of discomfort to avoid long-term injuries.
• Provide access to medical support and ergonomic assessments onboard.

Treatment options

If RSI symptoms arise, early intervention is key. The R.I.C.E. method, suggested by Cleveland Clinic, is a first-line approach:

• Rest: Reduce or modify the activities causing strain.
• Ice: Apply cold packs to the affected area to reduce inflammation.
• Compression: Use bandages or supports to minimize swelling.
• Elevation: Keep the affected area elevated to promote circulation.

More severe cases may require physical therapy, ergonomic adjustments, medication, or in some instances, surgery.

Repetitive strain injuries pose a significant occupational health risk in various work environments, but they are largely preventable. As Cleveland Clinic highlights: ‘’Repetitive strain injuries take time to damage to your body, but they can cause serious pain. Make sure you’re listening to your body. If something hurts that normally doesn’t, don’t ignore it. Pain and other minor symptoms are often the first signs of tiny irritation that can lead to more serious repetitive strain injuries later on.’’