Crew welfare in the maritime industry remains a critical issue amid growing volatility and uncertainties. Factors such as geopolitical events, climate change, and piracy have exacerbated the situation, impacting the safety and wellbeing of seafarers.
The maritime industry faces heightened risks due to geopolitical instability and piracy. War and conflicts in regions like the Middle East have led to direct attacks on vessels. The Red Sea, in particular, has seen significant disruptions. For instance, the Galaxy Leader was hijacked in November 2023, affecting 25 crew members. Similarly, the MSC Aries container ship was seized in the Strait of Hormuz in April 2024, putting 25 crew members at risk.
According to EUNAVFOR, since 2009, a total of 2,628 crew members have been taken hostage by pirates, illustrating the persistent threat. “The situation is unprecedented for seafarers, who are under increasing pressure and stress. Crews sailing in these waters are entitled to compensation and life insurance – and basic pay for many of those working in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to its southeast has already doubled following recent bargaining agreements – but it remains a tough decision to voyage through the Red Sea and surrounding waters at this time,” said Captain Nitin Chopra, Senior Marine Risk Consultant, Allianz Commercial in latest Safety & Shipping Review.
Technological risks
The integration of advanced technologies in shipping introduces new risks, including cyber-attacks, GPS interference, and drone strikes. These technological threats pose significant challenges to vessel security and crew safety. The prospect of more cyber-attacks can disrupt operations, while GPS interference and drone strikes can directly endanger ships and their crew.
The rise of the ‘Shadow Fleet’
The emergence of the ‘shadow fleet’ – vessels operating outside regular regulatory frameworks – poses risks to both vessels and the environment. These unregulated ships often engage in illicit activities, increasing the danger to legitimate maritime operations. The presence of such fleets undermines efforts to maintain safe and secure shipping routes, further complicating crew welfare.
Climate change and environmental challenges
Climate change has profound implications for the maritime industry. The drought in the Panama Canal is a prime example, disrupting global shipping routes and increasing operational pressures on crews. Environmental challenges necessitate adaptive measures, adding to the already significant stress faced by seafarers.
Workforce and skills shortage
The maritime industry is experiencing a workforce and skills shortage. The crises of recent years, including the Covid-19 pandemic and ongoing geopolitical conflicts, have exacerbated this issue. The stress and fatigue from extended contracts during the pandemic have left a lasting impact on crew wellbeing. Moreover, the industry’s ability to attract new talent is threatened by the dangerous working conditions and the perception of a precarious career.
Crew abandonment
The issue of crew abandonment has seen a worrying increase. In 2023, 132 cases of abandonment were reported, affecting at least 1,676 seafarers, ITF said. Under the Maritime Labour Convention 2006, abandonment occurs when a shipowner fails to cover the cost of repatriation or necessary support for the crew. In 2023, abandoned seafarers were owed at least $12 million in wages, Allianz’s Safety & Shipping Review mentioned.
In conclusion, the maritime industry is at a crossroads, facing unprecedented challenges that impact crew welfare. Addressing these issues requires a holistic approach, focusing on enhancing safety, providing adequate support, and attracting new talent. As the industry navigates these turbulent waters, prioritizing crew welfare will be key to sustaining its future.
