As cyber security, and specifically cyber threats, are becoming more imminent worldwide, the shipping industry gets affected as well. In order to help understand some of the basic terminology of cyber-attacks, the Korean Register of Shipping explains what five key cyber terms mean. 1. OT (Operating Technology) This is hardware and software that detects or causes a change in physical processes through direct monitoring or control of physical devices such as valves, pumps, and etc. OT systems on board ships include propulsion, power generation and distribution, steering, navigation, communications, and cargo operations systems. 2. Zero-day threat This is a technical security threat that leverages vulnerabilities in computer software. It is an attack that takes place when a patch for the vulnerability is not developed yet. A 1-day vulnerability is an attack that happens when a patch has been released but has not been applied because of validation and various reasons. 3. Brute Force Attack In order to obtain an account for a user, it tries all the character combinations of usernames and passwords by repetitive manner until the user's account are matched to get the account information. If a password has a specific pattern, such as a user password, the ...
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