The US Coast Guard District Eleven, which includes the State of California in its remit, has published a Marine Information Safety Bulletin on how to prevent losses of propulsion and improve fuel switching safety.
Preventing Loss of Propulsion
An extensive analysis of loss of propulsion incidents in California has revealed that the leading causes include
general mechanical issues, lack of maintenance, start air system issues including insufficient start air pressure, and
issues with fuel oil systems.
Advanced planning and preventive maintenance are critical to the proper operation of a vessel’s main engine and
prevention of losses of propulsion. In order to manage risk and improve safety, vessel owners and operators
should:
Maintain:
- Ensure manufacturer’s technical publications are onboard and sufficient equipment/spare parts are
available to perform routine preventive maintenance; - Establish a rigorous inspection and maintenance schedule;
- Ensure engine components are maintained in serviceable condition and operated per manufacturer’s
guidelines, particularly start air valves and fuel system seals, gaskets, flanges, fittings, brackets and
supports;
Train:
- Conduct initial familiarization and periodic crew training on pertinent systems and IMO/U.S./State
requirements;
Check Fuel Systems:
- Exercise tight control, when possible, over the quality of fuel oils received;
- Ensure fuel system components are operational, including flow indicators, pressure/temperature alarms,
etc.; - Ensure a detailed fuel system diagram is available and posted in vicinity of pertinent systems; and 2
Check Air: - Ensure start air supply is sufficient and fully charged prior to maneuvering.
Improving Fuel Switching Safety
Additionally, the following guidance may assist in preventing losses of propulsion when operating on marine
distillates. This guidance will also help prepare vessels for the Emission Control Area requirements that take
effect January 1, 2015.
Prepare:
- Consult engine and boiler manufacturers for fuel switching guidance;
- Establish detailed written fuel switching procedures/checklists and ensure procedures are followed. Include fuel rack adjustments to account for potential pressure differentials between residual fuel oil &
distillates; - Establish written procedures regarding speed limitations and required engine response times on marine
distillates; - Complete fuel switching procedures and engine testing (ahead/astern) well before entering restricted
waters or traffic lanes;
Check Viscosity:
- Ensure proper heat management of fuel systems prior to, during, and after fuel switching to maintain
minimum viscosity values and ensure fuel viscosity does not drop below engine manufacturer
specifications; and
Monitor:
- Establish parameters for accelerated preventative maintenance of engine/fuel system components,
monitor for accelerated wear, and re-evaluate maintenance period intervals.
Source: USCG
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