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Most shipping emissions in ports to quadruple by 2050

According to "Shipping Emissions in Ports" report, issued by International Transport Forum (ITF), shipping emissions in ports are substantial, accounting for 18 million tonnes of CO2 emissions, 0.4 million tonnes of NOx, 0.2 million of SOx and 0.03 million tonnes of PM10 in 2011. Around 85% of emissions come from containerships and tankers. Containerships have short port stays, but high emissions during these stays. Most of CO2 emissions in ports from shipping are in Asia and Europe (58%), but this share is low compared to their share of port calls (70%). European ports have much less emissions of SOx (5%) and PM (7%) than their share of port calls (22%), which can be explained by the EU regulation to use low sulphur fuels at berth. The ports with the largest absolute emission levels due to shipping are Singapore, Hong Kong (China), Tianjin (China) and Port Klang (Malaysia). The distribution of shipping emissions in ports is skewed: the ten ports with largest emissions represent 19% of total CO2 emissions in ports and 22% of SOx emissions. The port with the lowest relative CO2 emissions (emissions per ship call) is Kitakyushu (Japan); the port of Kyllini (Greece) has the lowest SOx emissions. ...

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Overview of fuel changeover issues and challenges

ICS and ECSA have jointly issued a guide to give assistance to ship owners, operators and crew to prepare for the changes in fuel characteristics and compliance with the new sulphur limits for ships fuel used in in Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) as of January 1, 2015.  Furthermore, they have recently issued a paper to give an overview of the 'fuel changeover' issues and challenges as they affect ECA- SOx compliance. This overview of the key technical and operational aspects faced by ships when undertaking fuel changeover on entering an ECA-SOx is intended to provide competent authorities with an insight into the particular issues and challenges of that process when assessing compliance with the EU Sulphur Directive 2012/33/EC There are a number of technical and operational issues related to the use of these LSDFO type fuels in marine systems, however in terms of the changeover process itself and the demonstration of compliance the following would be identified as themajor issues: Flushing through of the fuel oil service system High fuel temperature changes  HSRFO pick up from dead end pockets Cleaning action mobilising deposits  Flushing time   Managing the changeover transition  Maine diesel engine fuel oil injection systems generally use ram type pumps to provide the injection pressures required. ...

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EU Parliament passes law to make ships report climate emissions

For the first time, all shipping companies calling at EU ports will have to measure and publicly report carbon emissions under a law approved by an overwhelming majority of the EU Parliament's Environment Committee. Sustainable transport group Transport & Environment (T&E) says that the law is weak - it only monitors fuel consumption instead of directly reducing it, and only covers CO2 and not air pollutants like SO2 or NOx - but it can still trigger fuel savings indirectly. The EU law will require ship operators to publicly report three metrics to measure the environmental performance of ships: the theoretical energy performance of the ship known as the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI); its real-world fuel consumption; and its energy efficiency, that is, the amount of fuel divided by the amount of cargo. The more cargo a ship can carry using the same amount of fuel, the more efficient and cheaper to run it is. The publication of ships' real energy efficiency will provide shipping users in Europe and worldwide with transparent data to identify the most efficient ships and practices. This can trigger a virtuous cycle of increased competition among operators, which will enable fuel savings and emissions reductions. ...

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DNV GL issues Sulphur Limits 2015 Guidelines

Stricter limitations on sulphur emissions (SOx) will pose many challenges to ships operating in Emission Control Areas (ECAs). If not handled with care, switching from Heavy Fuel Oil to Marine Gas Oil can put equipment at risk and increase operational costs. DNV GL issued “Sulphur Limits 2015 – Guidelines to ensure Compliance” to provide a general overview the regulatory background, describe potential difficulties associated with the fuel change-over procedure and discuss which technologies can best help vessels fulfil the new requirements. Furthermore, DNV GL has developed a ship-specific Fuel Change-Over Calculator (FCO) to help shipowners and operators determine the ideal parameters for their vessel’s fuel change-over. Ships operating in an ECA will have to use fuel that does not contain more than 0.10% sulphur (MARPOL Annex VI) from 1st January onwards. Switching to Marine Gas Oil (MGO) is currently the most viable option for following the new threshold limit. This may appear to be a simple task, but the change-over procedure actually requires significant attention from crews during operation as well as extensive on-board preparations before the entry into force date. “Taking into account variables such as a vessel’s fuel system layout, any constraints on temperature and the variable sulphur content of ...

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World’s first low emission gas carriers to cut the environmental impact of chemical transport

Two new liquefied natural gas (LNG) powered sea vessels have recently been named on Teesside .  Operated by ship owner Anthony Veder, the new ships will carry Liquefied Ethylene Gas (LEG) from SABIC’s Wilton facility on Teesside to manufacturing plants in North-West Europe and Scandinavia.  The chemicals will be used to make a range of everyday items such as food packaging, PVC, detergents and adhesives.  The state of the art ships will drastically cut both sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions compared to the vessels they are replacing.  Switching to alternative fuels for ships, such as LNG, instead of traditional fuel oils is one of the solutions identified by Anthony Veder to help SABIC further improve its environmental performance.  “As a responsible global company, SABIC is committed to providing high-quality products to its customers while doing all it reasonably can in order to reduce the environmental impact of its operations,” said SABIC’s European Supply Chain Director of Chemicals Wouter Vermijs while attending the naming ceremony.  “We are proud to be the first chemical company in the world to be transporting our products on carriers running on LNG and to have an innovative partner in Anthony Veder.” The new ...

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TSA Lines Develop Westbound Low-Sulfur Fuel Guideline

New formula addresses changes to vessel and sailing characteristics, and the shift to more costly 0.1%-emission marine gas oil.  U.S. exporters shipping container cargo to Asia will see changes in their overall freight costs beginning January 1, 2015, as current low-sulfur fuel charges are adjusted to reflect larger vessels, slow-steaming and stricter sulfur oxide (SOx) emissions standards. Member shipping lines in the Transpacific Stabilization Agreement (TSA)’s westbound section are recommending a quarterly low-sulfur charge of US$47 per 40-foot container (FEU) and $38 per 20-foot container (TEU) from the U.S. West Coast, and $95 per FEU and $76 per TEU from the East and Gulf Coasts, effective January 1. The modified charge – which may appear as an adjusted low-sulfur component within the bunker charge in some contracts during a transition period until those contracts expire – reflects both changes in per container operating costs from larger ships, improved fuel consumption and longer transit times, and the shift to burning cleaner, costlier marine gas oil (MGO) mandated within North American coastal waters as of January 1. TSA’s current recommended low-sulfur fuel charge in effect through December 31, 2014 is $21 per FEU and $17 per TEU from the West Coast, and ...

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Alfa Laval PureSOx to be installed aboard EXMAR newbuilds

Alfa Laval PureSOx systems will soon be installed by Hanjin Heavy Industries and Construction aboard two LPG carriers for Belgian owner/operator EXMAR. Because these vessels are newbuilds, the installations place Alfa Laval’s planning, documentation and delivery capabilities in the spotlight. Hanjin Heavy Industries and Construction recently was contracted by Belgian energy logistics company EXMAR for newbuild LPG carriers that will join EXMAR’s existing LPG fleet of around 30 vessels. The new LPG carriers, each with a capacity of 38,000 m3, will be built at Hanjin’s Subic Shipyard in the Philippines and delivered to EXMAR in Q1 and Q2 of 2016. Two of these vessels will be equipped with Alfa Laval PureSOx scrubber systems for exhaust gas cleaning, which will be delivered to the Subic Shipyard in December 2014 and March 2015. The systems will be configured as hybrids, able to operate in an open loop with seawater or in a closed loop with circulation water. Each multiple-inlet system will serve a two-stroke Doosan MDT 6S59ME-B 9.3 main engine and three Doosan MAN 8L23/30H Mk2 auxiliary engines. As newbuilds, these installations place especially high focus on Alfa Laval’s order execution capabilities. “The choice of exhaust gas cleaning from Alfa Laval is ...

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Two new MR tankers get Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems

Clean Marine has been selected by Hyundai Mipo Dockyard in South Korea to supply exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS) for two new MR tankers.  IMO’s convention for the reduction of sulphur oxides (SOx) demands that sulphur emission levels in Emission Control Areas (ECAs) shall be cut to 0.1 percent from the year 2015 and that the global emission level must not exceed 0.5 percent from the year 2020.  The order for Clean Marine EGCS will enable the new medium-range tankers, owned and operated by a British oil major, to comply with this regulation without switching to more expensive fuels. “These contracts confirm the growing market demand for Clean Marine’s Allstream EGCS, which is a particularly competitive solution for the tanker segment” says Nils Høy-Petersen, CEO of Clean Marine. “We are very pleased to be working closely with Hyundai Mipo to deliver a cost-effective solution to help the owner comply with existing and pending emissions regulations.”  The two MR2 type tankers (hull number 2495 and 2496) have a deadweight  of 40,000 and are part of a series of five sister vessels to be constructed at Hyundai Mipo Dockyard. Clean Marine offers a proven, futureproof EGCS which enables vessels to trade in ...

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Technology to help maritime industry meet emission standards

Commissioned by TCC Group, researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) Viterbi School of Engineering have made exciting progress in developing a more efficient method to initiate combustion, providing a breakthrough, technological step forward in clean shipping design. The technology, Transient Plasma Ignition (TPI), would allow marine diesel ships to reduce emissions, increase fuel economy and meet the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) stringent emissions mandate with minimal modifications. "We are thrilled to approach the cusp of a true clean shipping solution, especially on the heels of the recent United Nations Climate Summit," said Kenneth Koo, TCC Group chairman. "This epic endeavor strives to achieve reduction in harmful emissions and significant fuel consumption savings without additional investments into peripheral hardware such as scrubbers, chillers, hull coatings or fundamental modifications to the hull. It will be an immense boon for the shipping industry." TPI facilitates combustion by using energetic electrons that break the molecular bonds in fuel and air creating an alternate chemistry. This new environment allows for a more complete combustion, minimizing the amount of remaining unburned hydrocarbons, which translates to significant fuel savings and reduced emissions. TPI – Reversing Efficiency Losses, Recovering Energy & Reducing Emissions The technology aims ...

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TSA lines tackle low-sulfur fuel rising costs

Asia-U.S. container shipping lines in the Transpacific Stabilization Agreement (TSA), facing an average US$365 per ton low-sulfur fuel price differential at the beginning of 2015 – as environmental rules mandate a shift to cleaner marine gas oil (MGO) within North American coastal waters – have revised their recommended low-sulfur fuel charge to recover the added cost. Application of the new formula will take effect January 1, 2015. Shippers with cargo moving from Asia to the U.S. can expect initial charges of $67 and $53 per 40-foot container (FEU) for the East and West Coasts respectively, versus $17 and $16 at present. Going forward, the charge will be adjusted quarterly based on a 13-week average of weekly prices. Charges for 20-foot containers (TEU) will be assessed at 90% of FEU levels. In September TSA announced plans to establish a new formula in conjunction with its 2015 revenue and cost recovery program. Modifications reflect both the higher per-ton MGO fuel cost differential versus low-sulfur fuel currently in use, and revised fleet characteristics such as vessel size, speed and effective capacity; MGO consumption rates; sailing time within the coastal zone, and other factors. In the absence of firm loading prices for MGO in ...

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