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SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 I 5 safety4sea.com As innovative technologies continue to emerge and ships become increasingly connected, the maritime industry faces the challenge of not only embracing these advancements but also ensuring that cybersecurity remains a top priority. Striking a delicate balance between pushing the boundaries of innovation and maintaining pragmatism is crucial, especially when dealing with digital technologies that have the potential to reshape how we operate. One of the most compelling topics today is the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the maritime sector. While AI offers vast potential, it also comes with its own set of limitations. A key concern is the phenomenon of ‘AI hallucinations,’ where AI generates patterns or outputs that don’t exist, potentially leading to inaccurate or misleading results. On a more positive note, this edition brings exciting updates from the world of green shipping. Our coverage of the landmark GREEN4SEA forum in Athens, which concluded with the prestigious GREEN4SEA Awards, showcases the growing commitment to sustainability across the industry. Additionally, we continue our exploration of alternative fuels with our latest infographic series, which began in the previous issue. This edition focuses on FAME biofuel. Balancing innovation, sustainability, and safety will be essential to the future of shipping. Stay tuned to safety4sea.com for more updates and insights as we continue to navigate these changes. Apo Belokas Founder & Managing Editor, SAFETY4SEA [email protected] Apostolos Belokas Editorial CONTENTS SAFETY4SEA is Fostering Sustainable Shipping for more than 15 years, hosting the leading safety4sea. com (300k visitors monthly), producing monthly magazines & tailored publications (100k p.a. circulation onboard & ashore), & Industry Surveys along with e-mail, video & social media, and delivering SAFETY4SEA, GREEN4SEA, SMART4SEA, CAREER4SEA & Crew Welfare Week Forums & Awards. INTERVIEWS 14. LR: Maritime education and training must evolve rapidly to keep pace with the rate of change 18. ISU: Access to heavy equipment can be a vital element in wreck removal 24. Kind Leadership: The key to building a genuine ‘One Team’ culture ARTICLES 8. Preparing for the Digital Age: Shipping needs cybersecurity on its priority list 10. AI Hallucinations: A ghost in the machine or a real threat? 12. Rising satellite navigation jamming and spoofing: A growing threat 28. Biofuels gain momentum in shipping as sustainability targets tighten 37. Emergency preparedness for ammonia-fuelled ships 38. Nuclear power sets sail: Where we stand 40. Enhancing decision-making at sea 42. Heading towards maritime decarbonization: A wishlist for the future 48. The future of seafarer training: Balancing technology and human skills EVENT COVERAGE 44. 2025 GREEN4SEA Athens Forum: Stakeholders and regulators turning the tide on green shipping 46. Pioneers of Green Shipping shine at the 2025 GREEN4SEA Awards INFOGRAPHICS 16. Psychological Safety: Defining the path from inclusion to innovation 26. Sustainable Shipping: Focus on FAME biofuels 34. RISK4SEA: Australia – Capesize (>100k dwt) PSC Intelligence for CY 2024 COLUMNS 4. Highlights 21. Green News 36. Safety News 51. Women in Shipping 53. Career paths 54. Maritime health 56. Alerts 58. Safety digest 60. Video review 62. Book review 63. Reports 65. Regulatory Update 66. Crossword In this issue Find us here
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safety4sea.com Defining the path from inclusion to innovation Once individuals feel included in the workplace, the next step is fostering innovation by ensuring team members feel safe to engage in the discovery process. They should be able to learn without fear of embarrassment, freely contribute their knowledge, apply what they’ve learned, and challenge the status quo without risking their personal standing or reputation. To innovate effectively, people need autonomy, direction, and encouragement. They require freedom to engage in creative friction and open, candid exchanges. Achieving this requires a psychologically safe environment where they feel supported in taking risks and sharing ideas. Key questions for a culture of growth and impact 1 2 3 4 “Are you growing?” You feel safe to ►Ask questions ►Give and receive feedback ►Experiment ►Make mistakes “Are you making a difference?” ►You feel empowered to contribute fully, using your skills, abilities, and experience ►There is energy and enthusiasm ►You naturally want to apply what you’ve learned and make an impact “Do you feel safe to challenge the status quo?” ►There is respect and permission to disagree and advocate for change when needed ►There is no pressure to conform ►You have the freedom to innovate and be creative Psychological Safety:
(RE)BUILD PSYCHOLOGY SAFETY 7 Do’s for leaders to Make sure rules, norms, and expectations are crystal clear Ambiguity creates anxiety, while clarity fosters confidence Set the tone Protect your team’s right to speak up and contribute without fear Prioritize truth over hierarchy Encourage open dialogue and ensure decisions are based on merit, not title Embrace diverse perspectives Welcome different viewpoints without ego or defensiveness Encourage constructive feedback Give team members explicit permission to challenge ideas Lower the cost of speaking up Make it safe and normal for team members to question and propose changes Trust the process Progress isn’t always linear; Acknowledge the journey and keep morale high 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. in the team
46 I SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 safety4sea.com ART I CLE sure to decarbonize and, unfortunately, this will reach the end-users, the consumers,”, he said, pointing out that apart from environmentally sustainable, the transition should also be economically viable. Dimitris Mytilinis, Latsco Marine Management Inc. delivered an insightful presentation on the evolving landscape of shipping decarbonization. He also tackled various regulatory frameworks, especially focusing on how measures such as pooling can assist in compliance under the FuelEU Maritime. Stergios Stergiou, Green Shipping & Sustainability Director, Capital Group, also explored various solutions for reducing shipping emissions such as the adoption of LNG and carbon capture. “At Capital we have adopted LNG as a fuel, we consider it as a transitional fuel with several benefits both on machinery and operational aspect”, he said. Meanwhile, Dr. Anastasios Tsalavoutas, Argo Navis, shared his Shipping Alliance 2020, International Bunker Industry Association (IBIA), International Ship Recycling Association (ISRA), International Windship Association (IWSA), INTERCARGO, Zero Emissions Ship Technology Association (ZESTAs) and Women's International Shipping & Trading Association (WISTA) Hellas. Session #1: The path towards maritime decarbonization Dr. John Kokarakis, Bureau Veritas, delivered an insightful presentation on the challenges and strategies for maritime decarbonization, focusing on FuelEU Maritime compliance and the IMO’s mid-term measures. According to Kokarakis, all these measures loom over the maritime industry like “Damocle’s sword.” Capt. Konstantinos G. Karavasilis, UK P&I Club, spoke on the critical steps needed for the maritime industry's decarbonization journey. “The industry faces increasing presThe 2025 GREEN4SEA Athens Forum successfully took place on Wednesday 12th of March 2025 at the Lighthouse of Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center (SNFCC), Athens. The event was organized by SAFETY4SEA having as lead sponsors the following organizations: Jotun, MacGregor, and SQE MARINE. The event was also sponsored by: ARCADIA SHIPMANAGEMENT CO. LTD, Blue Planet Shipping Ltd, BUREAU VERITAS, Capital-Executive Ship Management Corp., Capital Gas Ship Management Corp., Capital Shipmanagement, DÖHLE SEAFRONT Crewing (Manila), Dorian LPG, Eastern Mediterranean Maritime Limited (EASTMED), Latsco Marine Management Inc., RISK4SEA, SEAFiT, Sun Enterprises Ltd, UK P&I Club, V. Group, and The World Liquid Gas Association (WLGA). Supporters of the event included the following organizations: Clean STAKEHOLDERS AND REGULATORS TURNING THE TIDE ON GREEN SHIPPING 2025 Athens Forum
SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 I 47 safety4sea.com ART I CLE Session #2: Fuel for thought: Insights on the alternative options Bill Stamatopoulos, VeriFuel, discussed the evolution of the maritime industry, particularly in relation to B100 biofuel. He delved into the introduction of new standards, manufacturer endorsements, and updated standards such as ISO 8217:2024. Diane Gilpin, Smart Green Shipping Alliance, focused on the journey of wind-assisted propulsion from concept to reality. “We’ve seen wind move ships for thousands of years but how do we introduce it into the 21st century?”. Gilpin said, explaining that the modern adoption of wind-assisted propulsion requires a multi-faceted approach that is based on research. Nikos Xydas, World Liquid Gas Association (WLGA), presented on the prospects of using LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) as a marine fuel, focusing on its benefits and growing adoption within the industry. “LPG as it is now, without its renewable alternatives, can be compliant with FuelEU for thoughts on maritime decarbonization saying that “the biggest challenge facing the industry is the uncertainty”. For instance, he expressed his concern about the uncertainties of carbon market measures and the lack of appropriate infrastructure to support the shift towards net zero. Following the discussion, Apo Belokas, SAFETY4SEA, delivered a focus presentation on the role of human factors in the decarbonization era. He pointed out industry uncertainty, the need to move beyond traditional thinking, and the challenge of upskilling costs. Andreas Zontanos, Argo Navis, followed with another focus presentation on the insights gained from sea trials conducted on existing ships for EEXI (Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index) calculations. His discussion evaluated the relevance of these trials within the context of the evolving decarbonization landscape in the maritime industry. the next 15 years”, Xydas noted. Jean-Philippe Arseneau, ZESTAs, presented on the importance of viable Absolute Zero Emissions solutions such as hydrogen fuel cells and wind power. As he noted: “Hydrogen has not been deployed at a large scale yet and that is the next step that ZESTAs is focusing on.” Antonis Trakakis, CIMAC Greece, pointed out there are other, more viable options such as carbon capture. “It has come to a point to ask ourselves to not only solve a problem but also which problem to solve”, he said, adding that it makes more sense to use the example of other, heavier polluting industries rather than rely on alternative fuels which come with a significant set of challenges. John N. Cotzias, Xclusiv Shipbrokers, explained that there are certain loopholes that create uncertainties. “Being energy efficient and being leaner and cleaner has to make economic sense’’, Cotzias said. He also delved into the implications of TrumpEconomics and how the US President’s tariffs will change the landscape. Session #3: Stepping towards the green transition: Ship Managers’ perspective During the last panel discussion Takis Koutris, Roxana Shipping S.A.; Panos A. Kourkountis Sea Traders S.A; Costas Th. Kontes, Navilands Management Holdings S.A; George Souravlas, Load Line Marine S.A; and John N. Cotzias, Xclusiv Shipbrokers Inc, discussed the challenges and opportunities ship managers face in implementing green technologies, managing fuel transitions, and meeting regulatory uncertainties. Explore more at https://events.safety4sea.com/ 2025-green4sea-athens-forum/
48 I SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 safety4sea.com ART I CLE companies estimate the CO2 emissions they can reduce by upgrading cargo systems on existing vessels. Reflecting Mac-Gregor’s commitment to sustainable shipping, the tool is available for free on the company’s website. Other short-listed nominees were: International Bunker Industry Association (IBIA), International Windship Association (IWSA), Maritime Battery Forum, UCL Energy Institute. European Shipowners – ECSA received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Initiative Award for launching the Clean Maritime Fuels Platform, an industryled initiative aimed at enhancing communication between the shipping sector and fuel producers, while identifying common challenges and solutions SAFETY4SEA announced the winners of the 2025 GREEN4SEA Awards on March 12, recognizing industry’s outstanding practices across 9 different categories. PIONEERS OF GREEN SHIPPING SHINE AT THE 2025 GREEN4SEA AWARDS fostering green and sustainable shipping.”, Apo Belokas, Managing Editor, SAFETY4SEA said. The awards ceremony took place at the closing of the 14th GREEN4SEA Athens Forum bringing together key industry stakeholders to celebrate excellence in the maritime sector. With a vibrant atmosphere and inspiring speeches, the event highlighted the industry's commitment to innovation and environmental responsibility. The winners of the 2025 GREEN4SEA Virtual Awards are: MacGregor received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Sustainability Award for the launch of its Carbon Calculator, designed to help container shipping The maritime industry stands at a pivotal moment in its journey toward sustainability. The year 2025 marks a crucial turning point for global shipping, with all eyes on the upcoming IMO Committee meeting in April, where discussions on reducing shipping-related greenhouse gas emissions will further accelerate decarbonization efforts. “As we transition toward alternative fuels, energy-efficient solutions, and carbon reduction strategies, many organizations are leading the way, driving meaningful change in this transformation. The GREEN4SEA Awards were established to recognize and celebrate organizations that have demonstrated outstanding commitment to
SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 I 49 safety4sea.com ART I CLE in light of the Fit for 55 package and the transition to a net-zero economy by 2050. Other short-listed nominees were: BIMCO, HEMEXPO, Maersk Training, NatPower Marine, The Nautical Institute. StormGeo received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Technology Award for its Strategic Power Routing solution, a significant advancement in sustainable maritime operations. It offers shipping companies a unique approach to reducing fuel consumption and emissions without compromising safety or operational efficiency. Other short-listed nominees were: Nippon Paint Marine, OneLink, PortXchange, Thordon Bearings Inc. Jotun received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Clean Shipping Award for advancing cleaner shipping by transitioning from a paint supplier to an expert partner in fleet efficiency. In 2022, Jotun partnered with 12 suppliers on Hurtigruten's Sea Zero project, aiming for zero-emission passenger and freight transport along the Norwegian coast by 2030. Other short-listed nominees were: Anemoi Marine Technologies, ERMA FIRST, FueLNG, GIT Coatings. Metis received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Energy Efficiency Award for its innovative platform that processes vast amounts of data, providing actionable insights across four key do-mains: Emissions, Operations, Performance, and Machin-ery. Its 2024 scoring system simplifies complex data into clear dashboards, empowering fleet operators to optimize energy efficiency. Other short-listed nominees were: Bound4blue, CM Technologies GmbH, GNV Grandi Navi Veloci S.p.A., Klaveness Combination Carriers. Capital Ship Management Corp. received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Tanker Operator Award for investing in wind propulsion, LNG, and eco-friendly de-signs. For example, its M/T ‘Avax’, a 50,000 dwt eco-type tanker, was assigned Wind-Assisted Ready and HVSC-Ready notations by ABS, and is the third of six LNG Fuel Ready sister ships delivered in 2023. Other shortlisted nominees were: Anglo-Eastern Ship Management, Arcadia Shipmanagement, Columbia Group, Pertamina International Shipping, Teekay. Ionic Bulk Carriers received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Dry Bulk Operator Award for its commitment to sustainable practices, focusing on energy efficiency and pollution prevention. With zero incidents and zero spills policy, it aims to protect the environment and continuously improve its performance in compliance with national and international regulations. Other shortlisted nominees were: Eastern Pacific Shipping, ESL Shipping, IINO LINES, Neptune Dry Management, Star Bulk. Diane Gilpin, Founder & CEO, Smart Green Shipping, received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Personality Award for her groundbreaking innovation in advancing a greener future for the maritime industry. As a pioneer in renewable energy solutions, she advocates for wind propulsion to accelerate the industry's transition, taking significant action. Notably, she has developed the Future Automated Sail Technology (FastRig) in collaboration with key partners. Capt. Dimitrios Mattheou, CEO & Managing Director, Arcadia Shipmanagement Co Ltd received the 2025 GREEN4SEA Leadership Award for being an inspiring leader in the maritime industry, dedicated to accelerating its transition toward a sustainable future. Capt. Mattheou has demonstrated exceptional leadership, combining vision with expertise to drive a greener industry. He is actively involved in pioneering projects and is committed to supporting the next generation of maritime professionals, encouraging their engagement in the green transition. Explore more at https://events.safety4sea.com/2025green4sea-virtual-awards/
50 I SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 safety4sea.com OPINION During a panel discussion, moderated by Sandra Psychogiou, Editor in Chief of SAFETY4SEA, experts from across the industry shared their insights into the growing importance of soft skills and the future of seafarer training. The panel featured Chirag Bahri, International Operations Manager at ISWAN; Amalia Marcou, Crew Director & HR Manager at Enesel Dry SA; Marios Minou, Deputy Crew Manager at Latsco Marine Management Inc.; and Dr. Marina Papaioannou, Regional Maritime Academies Manager at DNV and WISTA Hellas Representative. The maritime industry's future lies at the intersection of cuttingedge technology and human skills. As digitalization and decarbonization take center stage, it is crucial to provide seafarers with the tools and training necessary to thrive in this rapidly changing environment, experts agreed during the 2024 CAREER4SEA Forum. THE FUTURE OF SEAFARER TRAINING: BALANCING TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN SKILLS
SAFETY4SEA Log I April 2025 I ISSUE 102 I 51 safety4sea.com ART I CLE The discussion highlighted the need for a balanced approach that incorporates both technological advancements and human qualities to ensure the maritime workforce remains adaptable and effective in the face of industry changes. The role of technology in the digital era As Marios Minou pointed out, AI and blockchain are already beginning to reshape the industry by automating key processes like vessel routing, cargo optimization, and maintenance planning. These technologies promise to improve operational efficiency, reduce human error, and enhance safety, yet the need for seafarers to maintain traditional seamanship skills remains vital. "Seafarers must not lose sight of their fundamental knowledge—such as how to read charts and plot courses— even as technology evolves", Marios Minou emphasized. "Technology should be viewed as a tool that enhances their skills, not a replacement for their core expertise", he added. The panelists acknowledged that cybersecurity, which has become an increasing concern in the maritime industry, is also essential in the context of digitalization. The integration of new technologies must be paired with robust cybersecurity training to ensure vessel safety and data protection. Continuous learning is vital Marina Papaioannou underlined the importance of continuous learning to keep pace with these technological advancements. "As the maritime sector moves towards more automated and digital processes, the need for a skilled, adaptable workforce is more crucial than ever", she stated. "AI, blockchain, and other technologies offer tremendous benefits, but they also require seafarers to adapt their skill sets. This shift will necessitate ongoing training that integrates both technical and soft skills.", she elaborated. Amalia Marcou shared her perspective on the growing trend of remote learning and the use of AI to personalize training. "AI allows us to create more tailored training programs for individual seafarers, helping them to hone specific skills and deal with real-time scenarios. This makes training more accessible and flexible, even for those on long voyages or in remote locations," she explained. Moreover, the integration of virtual simulations and real-time scenario-based training is allowing seafarers to practice complex ship operations and crisis management drills in a controlled environment. This innovative approach not only enhances their technical skills but also helps them develop the critical soft skills necessary for leadership and teamwork. Why soft skills matter While the maritime industry is undoubtedly embracing digitalization, the discussion also underscored the enduring importance of soft skills in shaping effective leaders and collaborative teams. As Chirag Bahri pointed out, the future success of seafarers will depend as much on their ability to communicate, empathize, and lead as on their technical prowess. "Empathy, leadership, and communication are crucial in maintaining the well-being and safety of the crew. Whether you're leading a team on deck or managing a crisis situation, the ability to understand and respond to the needs of others is fundamental," said Chirag Bahri. The panelists also discussed the role of leadership in building strong teams, with Marina Papaioannou emphasizing that leadership skills should not be reserved for senior officers alone. "Leadership is about guiding and motivating others, and it's something that every crew member should cultivate," she said. "In the complex and often challenging environment on board, fostering a sense of unity and shared responsibility is key", she commented. Resilience, situational awareness, and effective listening were also highlighted as essential qualities that contribute to a positive work environment and the overall success of maritime operations. These human skills are necessary not only for managing day-to-day activities but for navigating the evolving challenges of decarbonization, digitalization, and mental health awareness in the industry. A people-centered approach to transition is needed As the industry transitions toward decarbonization and digitalization, the panelists strongly advocated for a people-centered approach to training and development. "The maritime sector’s transformation should be driven by the people who make it work—seafarers", emphasized Amalia Marcou. "By equipping them with the right combination of technical knowledge and soft skills, we can ensure that they are not just prepared for the future but are active participants in shaping it", she remarked. Marina Papaioannou also highlighted the importance of creating a supportive, inclusive environment where seafarers feel motivated and safe. "The future of shipping will be shaped by the people working at sea, and it's our responsibility to ensure that they have the skills and support they need to succeed”, she said. By focusing on continuous learning, integrating innovative training methods, and fostering a culture that values both technical expertise and human qualities, the maritime sector can cultivate a workforce that is both resilient and adaptable. As the experts concluded, the industry’s success will ultimately depend on the people at the heart of it, and a balanced, people-centered approach is key to navigating the challenges ahead.
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