Now, Europe has a installed a total of 18,499 MW of offshore wind capacity. This corresponds to 4,543 grid-connected wind turbines across 11 countries.
In addition, twelve new offshore wind projects reached Final Decision Investment (FID) in 2018. Investments in new assets amounted to €10.3bn. This financed 4.2 GW of additional capacity, which will come on line in the next couple of years.
Installations in 2018
During 2018, Europe added 2,649 MW of net offshore capacity. This is 15.8% lower than in 2017, which was a record year. The 2,649 GW represent 409 grid-connected offshore wind turbines across 18 wind farms. Other highlights of the year include:
- 15 wind farms were completed (fully grid-connected). Another 3 got partial grid connection and will continue to connect turbines in 2019. Construction work started on other 6 wind farms where no turbines have yet been grid-connected;
- Installations in the UK and Germany accounted for 85% of all new additions;
- Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy and MHI Vestas Offshore Wind accounted for 95% of all the connected turbines in 2018 (62% and 33% respectively);
- For the first time in Europe, GE Renewable Energy connected their latest turbine: the Haliade 150-6 MW. 20 of these turbines were grid-connected at the Merkur wind farm, Germany.
Total installations
Today, 4,543 offshore turbines are installed and grid-connected, bringing the cumulative total of 18,499 MW. Taking into consideration sites with partial grid-connected turbines, there are now 105 offshore wind farms in 11 European countries.
As for countries, the UK has the largest amount of offshore wind capacity in Europe with 44% of all installations in MW. Second is Germany with 34%, followed by Denmark (7%), Belgium (6.4%) and the Netherlands (6%).
Trends: turbine and wind farm size, depth, distance from shore
The average size of newly-installed offshore wind turbines in 2018 was 6.8 MW, which marks a 15% increase on 2017, while the UK connected the largest turbine in the world (the V164-8.8 MW from MHI Vestas Offshore Wind).
In addition, the average size of wind farms in construction in 2018 was 561 MW. In the meantime, in the UK, construction work started on the largest wind farm in the world: the 1,200 MW Hornsea One project. Other key factors trends are the following:
- The world’s current largest operational wind farm – Walney 3 extension (657 MW) – was fully connected in the UK;
- The largest wind farm in Germany – Borkum Riffgrund II (465 MW) – was fully commissioned;
- The largest wind farm in Belgium – Rentel 309 MW – was fully connected.
Financing highlights
Investments in new offshore wind totaled €10.3bn, a 37% increase from 2017. In fact, twelve projects reached FID, totalling 4.2 GW of additional capacity. As a result, the 37% increase in investments generated an 86% increase in capacity financed.
Moreover, refinancing of offshore wind farms achieved a record level of €8.5bn, increasing total investments including transmission lines (€0.7bn) to €19.6bn.
Furthermore, non-recourse debt for new and operational wind farms raised €16.5bn, while there were 3.8 GW of project acquisition activity and 2.3 GW of potential projects acquired at the pre-development stage.
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