How proactive measures can transform crew wellbeing

Alarming data on seafarer health

Recent studies from organizations such as the International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF), Seafarers Trust, Yale University (2019), and BMC Public Health (2022) have revealed concerning statistics about the mental health of seafarers. The data is also linked to recent industry trends, including the Seafarers Happiness Index, surveys from Marine Benefits, and insights from OneCare Group service lines. These studies show that:

• 25% of seafarers suffer from depression
• 17% experience anxiety
• 20% have suicidal ideation
• 66% endure psychological stress

In addition to these mental health challenges, medical concerns such as high hypertension rates and other common disorders are prevalent among seafarers.

These statistics paint a worrying picture of the state of the workforce, highlighting the need for proactive measures to ensure the health and well-being of those working at sea if the industry wishes to remain sustainable and future-proof.

While some organizations have already begun taking steps to address these challenges and there are many discussions on these matters, the industry as a whole must do more. This includes gaining support from major bodies such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to change regulations, especially regarding working hours.

Key areas of concern for seafarers

The need for change is further underscored by key areas of concern within the industry. Seafarers face isolation, connectivity issues, and fatigue. These challenges have a direct impact on their social well-being, health, fitness, and overall quality of life. Some of these challenges are highlighted in the Mission to Seafarers’ report “Seafarers Happiness Index Q4 2024”, and include:

• Seafarer isolation and port issues: Limited shore access, poor facilities, and inconvenient transport hinder crew rest, adding to mental strain.
• Connectivity: Unreliable internet limits communication with family and friends, further intensifying feelings of isolation and negatively affecting morale.
• Fatigue: Workload and fatigue remain major concerns due to long hours, understaffing, and rising administrative burdens, impacting safety and wellbeing
• Social interaction: Lack of socializing is another area in need of attention, with high workloads often restricting opportunities for social interaction.
• Health and fitness: Seafarers struggle to maintain fitness due to limited space, poor equipment, and vessel movement. Sedentary lifestyles and poor nutrition pose long-term health risks, while heavy workloads and fatigue limit exercise. Many urge companies to invest more in onboard fitness facilities.
• Training concerns: While training is crucial, its volume and delivery methods especially online formats, are disrupting seafarers’ rest and family time, leading to fatigue and dissatisfaction.

Meanwhile, a study by Marine Benefits conducted in Q4 2024 revealed that 63% of seafarers consider attention to health and well-being as a key factor in deciding whether to continue their careers at sea. This statistic highlights the urgent need for action to improve the health and well-being of the workforce.

Current efforts and areas of improvement

In response to these challenges, significant efforts have been made to provide medical and mental health support to vessels. Statistics from OneCare Group services during the last quarter of 2024 reveal a significant need for telemedical support, with 12.5% of cases requiring medical assistance. Similarly, 4% of cases involved mental health support, showing that seafarers utilize these services when available.

A deeper analysis of the data reveals that mental health challenges, such as anxiety, depression, and family issues, are the primary drivers of these engagements. Psychoeducation, which involves raising awareness about mental health issues among seafarers and their families, has become an important aspect of the support provided.

On the medical side, common cases include musculoskeletal problems, dermatological conditions, infections, and dental concerns.

Emerging trends and critical action points

Looking at emerging trends and areas of concern, several key themes have come to the forefront. Adapting to these emerging challenges in maritime workplaces can take the following forms:

Proactive mental health support

• Regular mental health check-ins to address issues early and prevent escalation.
• Transition from reactive to preventive measures, integrating psychological safety as a core element of crew wellbeing strategies.

Empowering leadership and trust building

• Training ship officers to foster trust and open communication, enabling seafarers to speak up about mental health or workplace concerns without fear of stigma or retaliation.

Gender diversity

• Addressing the unique challenges faced by female seafarers, such as harassment, isolation, and lack of support networks.
• Promoting gender-specific support, like tailored uniforms, medical supplies and sanitary products.

Bridging generational gaps

• Addressing multigenerational crew challenges in communication, technology, and work expectations.
• Implementation of mentorship programs to align multigenerational crews with differing expectations and skills.

Digital wellness and inclusion

• While social media fosters connection, it must be balanced to protect mental health through mindful use. Promoting neurodiversity and fostering inclusive workplaces.

Combatting non-communicable diseases

• Leveraging digital health solutions to address the rising prevalence of chronic conditions and aging populations.

Safe work environments

• Implementing whistleblowing platforms for safe reporting of harassment and bullying.
• Preventative health awareness, such as increasing awareness on measures to prevent infections and contagious diseases, while promoting hygiene and self-protection strategies.
• Workplace safety and accident prevention, by raising awareness on safety regulations and protective standards.

Minimum safe manning: The linkage between crew wellbeing and minimum safe manning cannot be under-estimated.

• High pressure affects performance and mental health, crew shortages force unfit crew to work, risking safety, crew wellbeing and operations.
• Importance of support and prevention: Structured support, strong social networks and preventive measures like exercise, nutrition and supportive social environments can assist in demanding work environments.

Additionally, the recent amendments to the Maritime Labor Convention (MLC) in December 2024 further emphasize the need for immediate action across all these areas.

A comprehensive proactive strategy for crew welfare

As another measure to effectively address challenges, a comprehensive strategy that covers both pre-employment and onboard phases is essential:

Pre-employment assessments and examinations

During the pre-employment phase, psychological assessments should be conducted to identify any potential issues before seafarers begin their journeys.

In addition, Pre-Employment Medical Examination (PEME) quality assurance programs must be implemented to ensure the health and fitness of prospective seafarers. This proactive approach will allow for the early detection of abnormalities, helping to prevent health issues from arising once seafarers are already on board.

Onboard health programs and 24/7 support

Once onboard, it is essential to implement health programs which focus on promoting mental resilience, physical health, and social interaction. These programs aim to improve the overall well-being of the crew and provide ongoing support throughout their time at sea.

Additionally, providing 24/7 access to medical and mental health support through dedicated helplines ensures that seafarers can receive the care they need at any time, regardless of their location.

The importance of a holistic approach for long-term sustainability

For a sustainable future, a holistic approach to health and well-being is necessary within the maritime industry. By integrating both health and mental well-being into the overall organizational strategy, a healthier workforce can be fostered.

This approach not only improves the quality of life for seafarers but also contributes to operational efficiency, higher retention rates, and safer working environments.

The views presented are only those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of SAFETY4SEA and are for information sharing and discussion purposes only.

Above article has been edited from Marinos Kokkinis’ presentation during the 2025 SAFETY4SEA Limassol Forum.

Explore more by watching his video presentation here below